1- Video On Demand: a media distribution system that allows users to access videos without a playback device. A system in which viewers their own filmed entertainment through high speed internet. (such as Netflix)
2- Stream/Streaming: a method of transmitting or receiving data over a computer network as a continuous flow, allowing for playback whilst data is still being received. Viewing video or listening to audio through the internet without downloading content.
3- Microblogging:a form of blogging that's short and frequent. (such as Twitter)
4- Crowdfunding: funding a project by raising money from a large number of people who each contribute a small amount on the internet for a media business from a targeted audience following.
Web 2 is known as the interactive web
5- Wikinomics: Tapscott and Williams (2006)- Web 2.0 has impacted...
a) Traditional business model (production, distribution, spending money interact with audiences) has evolved.
b) More collaborations due to access to online technologies, broadband speeds for business and prosumers.
Globalisation: a brand being accessible/marketed all over the world due to the instant communication of the web.
We can now produce and distribute content online
6- Globalisation: a brand being accessible/marketing all over the world due to the instant communication web.
7- Fan Films: 'Batman vs Predator'
8- Citizen Journalists: a normal person who records/reports on news. Everyday people report on events in and around our area. '#BLM'
9- Crowdfunding: People around the world contribute financially to your product. 'KickStarter'
Global village: the term used to describe how the Web instantly connects audiences all over the world
Marshall McLuhan 1964 - Suggests that tv would create a global village, as a medium central to communicating ideas. He also predicted a library network accessible everywhere that would allow access to all forms of information.
Web Utopians: Those who see the web and social media technologies as having a benefit to society as a whole.
The concept of web utopianism fits with crowdfunding as it assumes people are nice enough to do good things. The small producer has the potential for mass funding, bypassing heavy investment and control from big companies. Kickstarter, Indiegogo etc. Allows the producers a chance to gain funding from a wider global audience in small amounts.
An example: (kickstarter)
"Critical Role's The Legend of Vox Machina reunites your favorite heroes for a professional-quality animated special! 88,887 backers pledged $11,385,449 to help bring this project to life."
"At the start of the
They also used the reward system to encourage those to donate.
House of ashes a horror feature film
Electronic Agora: Online meeting spaces such as forums and chat rooms where people can discuss a range of topics and achieve collaboration.
The Electronic Agora: (Rheingold 1991)- is the idea that the web can be used for the exchange of ideas and socialise as avatars. This has been widely adopted by the open source and e-sports communities. This concept may be harmful as people only really leave reviews that are extremely negative or extremely positive and there are 'trolls'
Distribution- The method by which media products are delivered to audiences
Social Media- Utilising Web 2.0 technology to allow users to share ideas, content via online communities
Professional- a paid person working for a company to do a job
Preamble- the model of distribution of media products has changed wildly since the advent of web 2.o/social media.
Prosumer- a user of media who both produces and consumes media.
There is currently no single body or organisation that regulates social media
However it does fall under various laws:
- Data Protection Act (1995):
- Libel:
- Race Relations Act
- Criminal Justice & Public order act:
- Race & Religious Hatred Act
- Criminal Justice & Immigration Act
IPSO: Can monitor content generated by magazine publishers or news agencies
ASA: Can monitor adverts and advertising content
Ofcom: Can monitor some professionally produced content online
BBFC: Can monitor and classify film content online
Individuals with social media accounts often have to agree to T&C's of employment regarding social media (UTC Staff too)
The main point is that employees should exercise self-regulation to avoid causing any damage to employers image on social media.
The idea here is that individuals (and to a lesser extent companies/organisations) make choices about what to publish as a prosumer on social media. In terms of organisations it's about how social media reflects the ethical and moral guidelines or identity of the organisation.
In this country our social media is subject to law and some regulation by various bodies. However, there are some countries where social media is censored.
Cultural censorship
- China
- Turkey
- North Korea
These companies exercise tight control of internet access and have censored most external social media. Instead they have in some cases 'approved' social media channels and filtered search options.
Deeper Darker Censorship
Some companies (most notably China & North Korea) also monitor blog posting and online journalism. Dissident (those speaking out against the establishment) journalists, bloggers or activists are identified by state filters and are often imprisoned.
- QQ: This is an instant messaging software at the heart of chinas social networking scene. QQ I used for online messaging, video/voice calls, document sharing and social networking.
-Weibo: This is a Chinese micro-blogging website, much like Twitter, TikTok or Facebook. It is known as one of the largest social media platforms in China.It also allows for shopping, advertisements and monetary rewards.
One cultural constraint that social media marketers should be aware of when promoting products to foreign marketers is cultural censorship. These are countries (such as China, Turkey, North Korea) that exercise tight control of internet access and have censored most external social media. This means that the social media marketers would have to make sure when targeting these countries use the social media that residents would be able to see. Another cultural constraint is deeper darker censorship, this is where s
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